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This paper describes the work carried out with the ‘Diccionario Ideológico de la Lengua Española’ (Dl) by J. Casares. The Dl is the only large existing thesaurus for Spanish. It was published in the early forties and since then it has not been updated. The words, and lexical information related to them, contained in ideological dictionaries are not stored in alphabetical order but in ‘ideological’ or semantic order, that is, words are ordered according to their meaning. For this reason extracting information from these dictionaries is not as easy and fast as it is with alphabetical dictionaries. This is the problem the computer comes to solve. The purpose of the work presented was to make available in a computer the information contained in the Dl. To accomplish this task, we divided the work into two primary areas. After creating a Machine Readable Dictionary (MRD) from the Dl, we studied the techniques the author suggested for extracting information from the Dl and implemented them in the MRD version. We then developed a new level to overcome some practical problems we found in information extraction. We then implemented the whole system for extracting information automatically. Now we are working on how to reuse the existing information for Natural Language Processing.
A conceptual dictionary (also ideographic or ideological dictionary) is a dictionary that groups words by concept or semantic relation instead of arranging them in alphabetical order. Examples of conceptual dictionaries are picture dictionaries, thesauri, and visual dictionaries. Onelook.com and Diccionario Ideológico de la Lengua Española (for Spanish)[1] are specific online and print examples.
This is also known as a reverse dictionary: a reference work that is organized by concepts, phrases, or the definitions of words. This is in contrast to a standard dictionary, in which words are indexed by the headwords, but similar in function to a thesaurus, where one can look up a concept by some common, general word, and then find a list of near-synonyms of that word. (For example, in a thesaurus one could look up 'doctor' and be presented with such words as healer, physician, surgeon, M.D., medical man, medicine man, academician, professor, scholar, sage, master, expert.) In theory, a reverse dictionary might go further than this, allowing you to find a word by its definition only (for example, to find the word 'doctor' knowing only that he is a 'person who cures disease'). Such dictionaries have become more practical with the advent of computerized information-storage and retrieval systems (i.e. computer databases).
An example of this type of reverse dictionary is the Diccionario Ideológico de la Lengua Española (Spanish Language Ideological Dictionary).[1] This allows the user to find words based on a small set of general concepts.
Examples[edit]
(English)
Bernstein, Theodore, Bernstein's Reverse Dictionary, Crown, New York, 1975.
Edmonds, David (ed.), The Oxford Reverse Dictionary, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 1999.